Directions:

• electronic copy: e-mail me at victor.leuci@westminster-mo.edu); the name of your attached file should be:
  • F18-228-E4-Last Name, First Name (e.g. F18-228-E4-Leuci, Victor)
• paper copy: bring to class
• length: see below
• Reminder: all facts, theories, paraphrases need in-text citations and the page range in an in-text citation should be no more than 2 pages.
• Citing primary sources (from Greco-Roman World):
  • basic rule: ancient author (if there is one), ancient work (in italics), number of work (if given or appropriate), modern author, page number(s)
  • parts of these may be given in your sentence versus the in-text citation
  • Example 1a: The noise in ancient Rome would be a reason not to visit as it would be hard to get a good night’s sleep (Martial, Epigrams 12.57, Shelton, 70).
  • Example 1b: Martial mention in Epigram 12.57 that it was so noisy he wasn’t able to sleep at all while staying in Rome, so, when he wanted a good night’s sleep, he went to his mansion in the countryside (Shelton, 70)!
• Citing the web sources:
  • in the parentheses give the modern author (if there is one, or the first author if there is more than one) and part of the title of the article, e.g. (Blenford, US trafficking) or (Trevelyan, Trafficked: Sex slaves).
  • if there is no modern author, then just give part of the title, or all if the title is short, in the parentheses, e.g. (My life as a child prostitute)
• Citing movies:
  • Once you have mentioned the movie's title, you don't need in-text citations
  • You do need to include the movie in the works cited "page"
• Works Cited "Page" reminders:
  • to save paper, don't put on a separate page
  • in the same font as your main text
  • use hanging indents
  • use MLA 7th edition (see syllabus for how the entry for Shelton's book and Kamm's book should look)
  • For the movie: Gladiator. Dir. Ridley Scott Perf. Russell Crowe, Joaquin Phoenix, Connie Nielsen. Universal Pictures. 2000.
• writing intensive:
  • Don't forget to turn in the draft copy with my or the Writing labs' comments on it for it to count towards your revised paper total (and don't forget to make the revisions!)
  • print this out and bring this to your writing lab conference and have the tutor sign here: ______________________________________

Option 1: Write two 600-1000ish word essays on two of the topics below:

Note: Don't forget how to organize comparison/contrast essays.

• Women: "Strength and honor"(Maximus & others in Gladiator).      Based on the quote, compare/contrast Lucilla (from Gladiator) and Julia Domna (Kebric, Ch 8). If you wish, you may also use Vibia Perpetua (Kebric, Ch 9 and web source) in addition to Julia Domna. In your conclusion address the significance of the similarities and/or differences.


• Entertainment (The Arena): Gracchus, in Gladiator, says "The beating heart of Rome is ... the sand of the Colosseum. He'll bring them death and they will love him for it."      Compare how the popularity of the gladiatorial games in the movie Gladiator and the popularity of the gladiatorial games in the ancient Roman world [based on material in at least two of the following: Shelton, Scarre, Kebric, and McManus (Arena: Gladiatorial Games)]. Make sure you have in-text citations that follow the directions above. In your conclusion also hypothesize what the popularity of the movie's gladiatorial games for modern audiences tells us.


• Religion: Maximus, in Gladiator, says "Ancestors, I ask you for your guidance. ... Ancestors, I honor you and will try to live with the dignity that you have taught me."      Compare in what ways the depiction of religion in the movie Gladiator and the depiction in the primary source material which you have read in Shelton and Kebric. Make sure you have at least multiple examples from both Shelton and Kebric and that you indicate where your examples are coming from, e.g. an inscription in Shelton or Perpetua's diary in Kebric. You may also use information from Scarre and the McManus, if you wish.


• Politics: Both of the following quotes are used to describe Rome in contrast to the rest of the world early in the movie Gladiator:
  • Maximus: "I've seen much of the rest of the world. It is brutal and cruel and dark, Rome is the light."
  • Marcus Aurelius: "There was once a dream that was Rome. You could only whisper it. Anything more than a whisper and it would vanish."
       Using only the information from our texts [and class notes if needed], evaluate what the "dream" or "light" was during 2–3 of the following periods:
  • the Severan Dynasty
  • the time of the Barracks Emperors
  • the rule of Diocletian
  • the rule of Constantine I

Option 2: Write one 1200-1800 word essay on one of the topics below:

Note: Don't forget how to organize comparison/contrast essays.

• Women: "Strength and honor"(Maximus & others in Gladiator).      Based on the quote, compare/contrast Lucilla (from Gladiator) and Julia Domna (Kebric, Ch 8). If you wish, you may also use any of the following: Justinian's wife (Theodora [a fair amount on her at this source]), Constantine's mother (Helena), and Vibia Perpetua (Kebric, Ch 9 and web source) in addition to Julia Domna. In your conclusion address the significance of the similarities and/or differences.


• Entertainment: The Arena "The beating heart of Rome is ... the sand of the Colosseum. He'll bring them death and they will love him for it." (Gracchus in Gladiator)
  
  In your essay address how the popularity of the gladiatorial games in the movie Gladiator is similar to the popularity of the gladiatorial games in the ancient Roman world, using only Shelton, Scarre, Kebric, and McManus, Arena: Gladiatorial Games (make sure you have good concrete examples from at least 2 of these 4).


• Religion: Ancestors, I ask you for your guidance. ... Ancestors, I honor you and will try to live with the dignity that you have taught me." (Maximus in Gladiator)
  
  In your essay address in what ways the depiction of religion in the movie Gladiator is similar to the primary source material which you have read in Shelton and Kebric (both what we covered this unit and, if you want, what we covered earlier). Make sure you have at least 1 example from these 2 sources and that you indicate where the example comes from, e.g. graffiti, inscription, letter, ... You may also use information from Scarre and the web links on the on-line assignments page, if you wish.


• Politics: Maximus: "I've seen much of the rest of the world. It is brutal and cruel and dark, Rome is the light." Marcus Aurelius: "There was once a dream that was Rome. You could only whisper it. Anything more than a whisper and it would vanish."
  
  Both of these are used to describe Rome early in the movie Gladiator. Using only the information from our texts [but you may also use class notes and the biographies at DIR if you wish], evaluate what the "dream" or "light" was during 3–4 of the following periods:
  • the Severan Dynasty
  • the time of the Barracks Emperors
  • the rule of Constantine
  • the rule of Justinian